ASTM A335 P9 Payipu y'ekyuma kya Alloy

ASTM A335 Gr. P9 ye payipu ya kyuma ya ferritic alloy etaliiko musonno eyakolebwa ku...okuweereza okutambula obutasalako ku bbugumu ne puleesa ebigulumivu. Nga balina ebikwata kuEbitundu 9% bya chromium ne 1% molybdenum, etuula mu famire ya 9Cr-1Mo ekozesebwa ennyo mu kukola amasannyalaze, ebyuma ebibugumya eddagala ly’amafuta, ebirongoosa, ne layini z’enkola eyokya.

KuPayipu ya Octal, payipu za P9 ziweebwa muembeera eya normalized ne tempered, egezeseddwa mu bujjuvu, era erondoolebwa okutuuka ku bbugumu/batch, esaanira bboyiyira, emitwe, superheaters, layini z’omukka ne payipu z’enkola ey’ebbugumu eringi-nga ekyuma kya kaboni ekya bulijjo n’alooyi za Cr entono teziyinza kukuuma buziyiza bwa oxidation oba creep.

Okwawukana ku kyuma kya kaboni ekya bulijjo, P9 ekolebwa okukuuma amaanyi n’obulungi bw’okungulu oluvannyumaenkumi n’enkumi z’essaawaku bbugumu ly’ekyuma erya waggulu.

• Chromium (~9%) nga .ekola ekintu ekikwatagana, ekinywereraCr2O3 firimuku ngulu, okukendeeza ku kusekula n’okufuuka omukka mu bbanga ery’omukka ogwokya oba ggaasi etabuddwa-.
• Molibdenum (~1%) nga .enyweza ferritic matrix era elwawo creep deformation nga eremesa entambula y’okusengulwa.
• Oluvannyumanormalizing + okufukirira, ekyuma kiraga aensengekera ya ferrite–carbide efumbiddwanga zirina ensalosalo z’empeke ezitebenkedde ne kabayidi ezifugibwa (okusinga M23C3 / M2C) ku nsalo - kino kye kikuuma amaanyi g’okukutuka kw’okuseeyeeya-ewala okumenya ensalosalo z’empeke mu kiseera ky’okubikkulwa okumala ebbanga.

Kale, mu mpeereza ya bbugumu erya waggulu- (koyilo za superheater, layini z’okutambuza reformer), P9 esigala nga tekyukakyuka mu bipimo okumala ebbanga okusinga alloy ez’ekika kya P5/P11.

Ebirungo by’eddagala (ensengekera eya bulijjo) .

Ebintu ebikozesebwa mu makanika (ASTM A335 P9) .

• Amaanyi g’okusika:Okusinga oba okwenkana 415 MPa
• Amaanyi g’amakungula:Okusinga oba okwenkana 205 MPa
• Okuwanvuwa:Okusinga oba okwenkana ebitundu 30% .
• Obukaluba:Entono oba yenkana 163 HBW

Emiwendo gino gya mbeera y’okutuusa eya bulijjo-ne-eya tempered era gigendereddwamu okuwa aloy margin emala okukola puleesa n’ebbugumu design.

Okukakasa nti ddala kemiko ya 9Cr-1Mo efuuka microstructure eyetaagisa ey’ebbugumu erya waggulu-, Octal Pipe ekwata ekkubo erifugibwa erya seamless-pipe:

• Billet & okufumita

Ebikuta bya Cr-Mo ebiyonjo bibuguma okutuuka ku bbugumu erituufu ery’okufumita (around 1100–1150℃), oluvannyuma ne bifumita/ne biwanvuwa okukola ebituli nga bikulukuta kw’empeke mu ngeri y’emu.

• Hot rolling / okukuba ebifaananyi mu ngeri ennyogovu

Obugumu bwa bbugwe buleetebwa ku nteekateeka eragiddwa (SCH 10 – SCH 160). Intermediate normalizing eyinza okukozesebwa nga heavy reduction oba close tolerances zeenyigiddemu.

• Okufuula ebintu ebya bulijjo (nga. 900–950 diguli ) .

Erongoosa ferrite, esaanuusa carbides ezitali-uniform, eggyawo stresses ez’omunda okuva mu kutondebwa.

• Okufumbisa (nga. 675–760 diguli ) .

Ezzaawo ductility n’okusiba mu nsasaanya ya carbide eyagala olwo eby’obugagga by’okukutuka mu creep bikwatagana n’ebyetaago bya ASTM.

• Okulondoola omutindo

1. Ultrasonic / eddy-current NDT ku mubiri gwa payipu n'enkomerero
2. Okugezesa amazzi (hydrostatic test).
3. Obukaluba n’okutwala sampuli mu byuma buli kibinja
4. EN 10204 3.1/3.2 okukakasa okusobola okulondoola

Ekivaamu ye payipu erimu carbides ennungi, ezisaasaanyiziddwa kyenkanyi ne stable tempered ferritic matrix - ensengekera gy’oyagala okumala ebbanga eddene-term hot service.

Obuwanvu obw’enjawulo n’okugumiikiriza okunywevu bisobola okuteesebwako ku pulojekiti za boiler/HRSG.

Ebbugumu ly’ekyuma bwe lirinnya nga ligenda600–700 diguli, P9 ekuuma ebintu bibiri obubonero obwa wansi bye bitandika okufiirwa:

• Obutuukirivu bw’okungulu– firimu ya Cr-rich oxide ekendeeza ku kukula kwa scale era ekendeeza ku oxide spallation, kale tube fouling n’okugonza bbugwe bigenda mpola.
• Creep okutebenkera– nga Mo mu solution ne controlled carbides, aloy esobola okutuuka ku creep rupture strengths ku order eyeetaagisa 104 h service around 600℃.

Eno y’ensonga lwaki P9 eragiddwa bulijjo ku:

• Amabibiro g’amasannyalaze:superheater ne reheater tubes, emitwe gy’omukka, layini z’omukka enkulu ezibuguma
• Ekyuma ekirongoosa / ebyuma ebibugumya eddagala ly’amafuta:reformer tubes, layini z’okutambuza, payipu za ggaasi eyokya-
• Ebimera ebikola enkola ya bbugumu erya waggulu-:ebiwanyisiganya ebbugumu, manifolds, layini z’emmere ya riyaaktori
• Yuniti z’ebbugumu ez’amafuta ne ggaasi:okukuba empiso y’omukka, layini ezikola haidrojeni-ezikola mu mbeera ey’ebbugumu n’ey’enzirukanya

Bw’ogeraageranya ne P5/P11, P9 ekuwaokufuga obulungi oxidation n’okukendeera empola microstructural coarsening, ekitera okuvvuunulwa nti ekiseera ekiwanvu eky’okukebera.

• Okufulumya okutuuka ku...ASTM A335 / ASME SA-335 nga bwe kirin’ebyetaago bya ISO/EN ebikwatagana nabyo
• Okutuusa mu...normalized ne temperedkakwakkulizo
• Ekyuma, NDT, eky’amazzilipoota z’okugezesa ku buli kibinja
• 3.1 / 3.2 satifikeetiwekiri
• Okupakinga okusaanira okutunda ebweru w'eggwanga n'entambula ey'ebanga eddene-
• Obuwagizi bwa QA/QC ku ddaala lya pulojekiti- eri abakola emirimu gy’amasannyalaze, okulongoosa n’amakolero g’eddagala

Ebibuuzo ebibuuzibwa

 

 

Q1: Payipu ya ASTM A335 P9 (ASME SA335 P9) ekozesebwa ki?

A1:Seamless chrome-moly alloy pipe for high-ebbugumu, waggulu-puleesa service mu masannyalaze ne petrochemical enkola.

Q2: "9Cr-1Mo" kitegeeza ki ku payipu ya P9?

A2:Kitegeeza dizayini ya aloy erimu chromium ne molybdenum omungi olw’okuziyiza oxidation n’amaanyi g’ebbugumu aga waggulu-.

Q3: P9 ya njawulo etya ku P22 oba P91?

A3:P9 ya ddaala lya 9Cr-1Mo; P22 ya 2.25Cr-1Mo, ate P91 ya 9Cr-1Mo grade ekyusiddwa ng’erina ebifuga ebyuma ebinywevu.

Q4: Mbeera ki ey’okulongoosa ebbugumu-etera okulagibwa ku payipu etaliiko musonno ya A335 P9?

A4:Embeera y'okujjanjaba ebbugumu efugibwa- (etera okuba eya bulijjo n'okufukirira) n'ebiwandiiko ebiwandiikiddwa nga bwe kyetaagisa mu order/spec.

Q5: Kiki kye nsaba okukakasa omutindo gwa payipu za P9 nga sinnagula?

A5:3.1 MTC nga erina okulondoola ebbugumu, ebivudde mu kemiko/ebyuma, n’okugezesebwa okwetaagisa okwa NDE/hydrotest okusinziira ku nteekateeka ya pulojekiti.

Ebiwandiiko ebikakasa

 

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